Tutelas inibitórias contra licenças provisórias: um novo capítulo na batalha dos royalties de SEP
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18256/2238-0604.2026.v22i.5386Palavras-chave:
Patentes essenciais a padrões (SEPs); FRAND; licenças provisórias; Tutela contra licenças provisórias; liminares antiprocesso; Tribunal Unificado de Patentes (UPC); territorialidade; Acordo TRIPS; solução de controvérsias da OMC; adjudicação global.Resumo
O regime de tutela de licenças provisórias do Reino Unido e as subsequentes tutelas inibitórias contra licenças provisórias do Tribunal Unificado de Patentes introduziram uma nova dimensão nos litígios globais sobre patentes essenciais a padrões (SEPs). Este artigo examina o conflito emergente entre essas abordagens concorrentes e argumenta que ele reflete uma tensão estrutural mais ampla entre a natureza territorial dos direitos de patente e o caráter cada vez mais global da adjudicação de controvérsias FRAND. Após analisar o desenvolvimento do regime de licenças provisórias do Reino Unido e a resposta da UPC no caso InterDigital v. Amazon, o artigo situa esse confronto judicial no contexto mais amplo das disputas da OMC relacionadas a medidas antiprocesso, fixação global de tarifas FRAND e o princípio da territorialidade previsto no Acordo TRIPS. Conclui que a escalada processual atual é sintomática da ausência de um arcabouço internacional coerente para a atribuição de jurisdição sobre disputas globais envolvendo SEPs e que soluções duradouras exigirão maior coordenação entre tribunais nacionais, instituições internacionais e mecanismos de ordem particular.
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