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Impactos do Gerenciamento de Resultados em Instabilidade Política: Evidências em Empresas Brasileiras
Resumo
Muitos estudos para mercados desenvolvidos concluíram que empresas relatam ganhos inflacionados por accruals (manipulação de ganhos por meio da exploração do critério contábil) ou atividades reais. Tais práticas parecem ser especialmente em torno de eventos políticos importantes. Este estudo objetiva verificar a influência do gerenciamento de resultados, por meio dos accruals discricionários, no retorno anormal dos ativos financeiros de empresas listadas na B3 em período de instabilidade política (impeachment). Utilizaram-se testes paramétrico e não paramétrico no período entre 2014 e 2018. Para verificar se o gerenciamento de resultados tende a aumentar o lucro com maior intensidade no primeiro ano anterior ao evento (H1b), o teste T não confirma se esse gerenciamento ocorre antes ou depois da instabilidade (H1a), porém aponta o gerenciamento de resultados com tendência de redução no ano do impeachment. Ao aplicar dados em painel, não é explicitado se as empresas envolvidas no gerenciamento de resultados em períodos de instabilidade política apresentam retorno anormal ruim (H2). Os resultados mostram que a instabilidade política foi rapidamente compreendida pelo mercado financeiro de forma a praticamente anular a assimetria informacional que poderia gerar elevados níveis de gerenciamento.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18256/2237-7956.2020.v10i2.3853
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