Fatores Associados ao Desenvolvimento da Orientação Sexual: Uma Revisão de Escopo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18256/2175-5027.2025.v17i1.5164Palavras-chave:
Orientação sexual, fatores biológicos, ambiente social, desenvolvimentoResumo
Os modelos teóricos mais aceitos para explicar o desenvolvimento da orientação sexual atualmente são aqueles que consideram efeitos de diversos fatores e mecanismos que interagem de forma complexa. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar fatores associados ao desenvolvimento da orientação sexual e evidências sobre os efeitos desses fatores na literatura científica recente. Partiu-se de um modelo teórico que leva em conta os efeitos de diferentes fatores e suas interações no desenvolvimento da orientação sexual. Foi realizada uma revisão de escopo, com base no PRISMA-ScR, com as buscas nas bases de dados SCOPUS, PubMed, PsycINFO e SciELO. Foram analisados 74 artigos científicos que relatam resultados de estudos empíricos, os quais foram submetidos a uma análise de conteúdo categorial temática. Foram identificados estudos sobre fatores genéticos, fatores hormonais, mecanismos imunológicos, diferenças neuropsicofisiológicas, fatores do ambiente social e estudos multifatoriais. Os estudos apresentaram diversos delineamentos, que permitiram produzir evidências de diferentes níveis. Contudo, nem todos encontraram efeitos significativos para as influências dos fatores investigados. Os achados desta revisão mostraram que fatores teoricamente relacionados ao desenvolvimento da orientação sexual recebem suporte empírico somente de alguns estudos. Isso reflete a complexidade dos fatores e interações por trás da orientação sexual.Downloads
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