Prevalence evaluation of agenesis of the upper lateral incisors of dentistry college patients of the university center of the Serra Gaúcha

Abstract

Dental agenesis can be defined as the lack of development of the tooth, with the absence of one to six teeth, being quite frequent in deciduous and permanent dentitions. The etiology is related to genetic as well as environmental factors. The greater the genetic contribution at the origin of an alteration, the less the possibility of preventing, thus, the prognosis of the treatment worse. With early diagnosis, orthodontic intervention can be achieved at an appropriate time. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of upper lateral incisor agenesis (ILS) in panoramic radiographs of the Faculty of Dentistry of the University Center of Serra Gaúcha, and to compare the results with the world literature in the different sexes, defining the best treatment for occlusal sequelae. Methods: A cross-sectional prevalence study performed at the FO-FSG Radiographic Interpretation Laboratory involved panoramic radiographs performed from 2015 to 2017. Data were recorded on the patient’s medical record number, age, gender, presence or not of agenesia, the absent tooth, the presence or not of diminution of size and presentation of conoid anomaly. Results: In the samples was applied the chi-square test for heterogeneity. It was verified that the genre and the agenesis do not significantly associated, in a statistic view. Conclusion: Individuals with ILS agenesis do not present differences between the sides and genders. It is found that bilateral agenesis of ILS is more frequent than unilateral agenesis.